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@article{rix:013907,
	Author = {J. E. Rix and J. K. R. Weber and L. J. Santodonato and B. Hill and L. M. Walker and R. McPherson and J. Wenzel and S. E. Hammons and J. Hodges and M. Rennich and K. J. Volin},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-26 01:29:43 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-26 01:29:43 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1063/1.2426878},
	Eid = {013907},
	Journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments},
	Keywords = {tracking; beam handling equipment; computerised instrumentation; low-temperature techniques; cooling; three-term control; control engineering computing; telecontrol; temperature control},
	Number = {1},
	Numpages = {7},
	Pages = {013907},
	Publisher = {AIP},
	Title = {Automated sample exchange and tracking system for neutron research at cryogenic temperatures},
	Url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?RSI/78/013907/1},
	Volume = {78},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?RSI/78/013907/1},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2426878}}

@article{PhysRevLett.98.057802,
	Author = {Mei, Q. and Benmore, C. J. and Weber, J. K. R.},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-26 01:21:08 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-26 16:37:44 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.057802},
	Issue = {5},
	Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	Month = {Feb},
	Numpages = {4},
	Pages = {057802},
	Publisher = {American Physical Society},
	Title = {Structure of Liquid {SiO}$_{2}$: A Measurement by High-Energy {X-Ray} Diffraction},
	Url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.057802},
	Volume = {98},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.057802},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.057802}}

@article{Hennet20071705,
	Abstract = {We used the aerodynamic levitation technique combined with CO2 laser heating to study the structures of liquid CaAl2O4 and MgAl2O4 above their melting point with X-ray and neutron diffraction. We determined the structure factors and corresponding pair correlation functions describing the short-range order in the liquids. The combination of the two scattering techniques makes it possible to derive information not accessible with a single measurement. We also obtained information on the dynamics of liquid MgAl2O4 with inelastic X-ray scattering. In particular, we determined the sound velocity and the longitudinal viscosity.},
	Author = {L. Hennet and I. Pozdnyakova and V. Cristiglio and S. Krishnan and A. Bytchkov and F. Albergamo and G.J. Cuello and J.-F. Brun and H.E. Fischer and D. Zanghi and S. Brassamin and M.-L. Saboungi and D.L. Price},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-26 01:15:21 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-26 01:15:21 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.01.040},
	Issn = {0022-3093},
	Journal = {Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids},
	Keywords = {Short-range order},
	Number = {18-21},
	Pages = {1705 - 1712},
	Title = {Structure and dynamics of levitated liquid aluminates},
	Url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022309307002050},
	Volume = {353},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022309307002050},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.01.040}}

@article{Hennet:2007kx,
	Abstract = {We used the aerodynamic levitation technique combined with CO2 laser heating to study the structures of liquid CaAl2O4 and MgAl2O4 above their melting point with X-ray and neutron diffraction. We determined the structure factors and corresponding pair correlation functions describing the short-range order in the liquids. The combination of the two scattering techniques makes it possible to derive information not accessible with a single measurement. We also obtained information on the dynamics of liquid MgAl2O4 with inelastic X-ray scattering. In particular, we determined the sound velocity and the longitudinal viscosity.},
	Author = {L. Hennet and S. Krishnan and I. Pozdnyakova and V. Cristiglio and G.J. Cuello and H.E. Fischer and A. Bytchkov and F. Albergamo and D. Zanghi and J.-F. Brun and S. Brassamin and M.-L. Saboungi and D.L. Price},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:56:27 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-26 01:19:26 +0000},
	Journal = {Pure Appl. Chem.},
	Pages = {1643 - 52},
	Title = {Structure and Dynamics of Levitated Liquid Materials},
	Volume = {79},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022309307002050},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.01.040}}

@article{0953-8984-19-45-455210,
	Abstract = {We have used the aerodynamic levitation technique combined with CO 2 laser heating to study the structures of liquid CaAl 2 O 4 and MgAl 2 O 4 with x-ray and neutron diffraction. We determined the structure factors and corresponding pair correlation functions describing the short- and intermediate-range order in the liquids. The combination of the two scattering techniques makes it possible to derive information not accessible with a single measurement. In the case of the glass-forming liquid CaAl 2 O 4 we have made sequential measurements during free cooling to study the structural evolution during supercooling from the stable liquid phase to the cold glass below T g .},
	Author = {L Hennet and I Pozdnyakova and V Cristiglio and G J Cuello and S Jahn and S Krishnan and M-L Saboungi and D L Price},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:54:09 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:54:59 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter},
	Number = {45},
	Pages = {455210--21},
	Title = {Short- and intermediate-range order in levitated liquid aluminates},
	Url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0953-8984/19/i=45/a=455210},
	Volume = {19},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://stacks.iop.org/0953-8984/19/i=45/a=455210}}

@article{Krishnan20072975,
	Abstract = {The atomic structures of liquid Si metal and SiGe alloy in the normal and supercooled liquid states have been measured by X-ray diffraction from aerodynamically levitated and laser heated liquid droplets. The measurements covered a wide range of scattering vector Q (0.8--20 A−1) and a wide temperature range that extended into the supercooled region. The present results on liquid Si confirm earlier measurements that showed a decrease in first-shell coordination with increased supercooling. For liquid SiGe, the shoulder on the high-Q side of the first peak in the structure factor S(Q) sharpens with increased supercooling, suggesting an increase in covalent bonding and development of chemical short-range order.},
	Author = {Shankar Krishnan and Louis Hennet and Thomas Key and Benoit Glorieux and Marie-Louise Saboungi and David L. Price},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:52:25 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:52:50 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.05.176},
	Issn = {0022-3093},
	Journal = {Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids},
	Keywords = {Short-range order},
	Number = {32-40},
	Pages = {2975 - 2981},
	Title = {The structures of normal and supercooled liquid silicon metal and SiGe alloy},
	Url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022309307005054},
	Volume = {353},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022309307005054},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.05.176}}

@article{doi:10.1021/cm050254p,
	Abstract = { We have made a new determination of the structure of liquid aluminum oxide over a wide temperature range, including the supercooled region, using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Measurements were performed over a wide scattering vector range, 0.5−16 {\AA}-1. Specimens of aluminum oxide were aerodynamically levitated and laser-heated to temperatures in excess of the melting temperature of 2327 K. Diffraction measurements were performed in a temperature range of 2000−2600 K, which included the supercooled liquid state. Measurements performed in argon (reducing) and oxygen (oxidizing) atmospheres show little structural difference, in contrast to reported differences in optical properties. The X-ray results are in excellent agreement with those of a molecular dynamics simulation performed with an ab initio interaction potential. },
	Author = {Krishnan, Shankar and Hennet, Louis and Jahn, Sandro and Key, Thomas A. and Madden, Paul A. and Saboungi, Marie-Louise and Price, David L.},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:49:45 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:49:45 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1021/cm050254p},
	Eprint = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/cm050254p},
	Journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	Number = {10},
	Pages = {2662-2666},
	Title = {Structure of Normal and Supercooled Liquid Aluminum Oxide},
	Url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cm050254p},
	Volume = {17},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cm050254p},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm050254p}}

@article{jakse:4734,
	Author = {No\"{e}l Jakse and Louis Hennet and David L. Price and Shankar Krishnan and Thomas Key and Emilio Artacho and Benoit Glorieux and Alain Pasturel and Marie-Louise Saboungi},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:47:23 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:47:23 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1063/1.1631388},
	Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
	Keywords = {silicon; liquid semiconductors; liquid structure; supercooling; X-ray diffraction; ab initio calculations; molecular dynamics method; liquid-liquid transformations},
	Number = {23},
	Pages = {4734-4736},
	Publisher = {AIP},
	Title = {Structural changes on supercooling liquid silicon},
	Url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/83/4734/1},
	Volume = {83},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/83/4734/1},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1631388}}

@article{benmore:4954,
	Author = {C. J. Benmore and J. K. R. Weber and J. E. Siewenie and K. J. Hiera},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:46:14 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:46:14 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1063/1.1634690},
	Journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
	Keywords = {neodymium compounds; silicon compounds; lanthanum compounds; yttrium compounds; aluminium compounds; optical glass; glass structure; neutron diffraction},
	Number = {24},
	Pages = {4954-4956},
	Publisher = {AIP},
	Title = {Structure of Nd-doped glasses measured by isotopic substitution in neutron diffraction},
	Url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/83/4954/1},
	Volume = {83},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/83/4954/1},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1634690}}

@article{Benmore:2003uq,
	Author = {Benmore, C.J. and Weber, J. K. R. and Siewenie, J. and Urquidi, J. and Tangeman, J.A. and Sampath, S.},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:42:50 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-26 16:36:15 +0000},
	Journal = {J. Phys. Cond. Matt.},
	Pages = {2413-2423},
	Title = {A Structural Study of the Glassy {Ca}{O}-{Al}$_{2}${O}$_{3}$ Eutectic},
	Volume = {15},
	Year = {2003}}

@article{doi:10.1080/1023816031000099746,
	Abstract = { The total structure factors, S(Q) of 50:50 mole% CaO:Al2O3- and 67:33 mole% SrO:Al2O3-composition liquids have been determined by neutron diffraction. Measurements were made on laser beam-heated liquids at 2000--2100 K held in an aerodynamic levitator. Pure vanadium levitation nozzles were used. Reduction of the nozzle wall thickness decreased attenuation of scattered neutrons to give a two-fold increase in signal intensity. The liquids are comprised of predominantly 4-coordinated aluminum and 6- and higher-coordinated group II metal ions. },
	Author = {Weber, J.K.R. and Benmore, C.J. and Tangeman, J.A. and Siewenie, J. and Hiera, K.J.},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:10:06 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-26 16:36:53 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1080/1023816031000099746},
	Journal = {Journal of Neutron Research},
	Number = {3},
	Pages = {113-121},
	Title = {Structure of Binary {Ca}{O}-{Al}$_{2}${O}$_{3}$ and {Sr}{O}-{Al}$_{2}${O}$_{3}$ Liquids by Combined Levitation-Neutron Diffraction},
	Volume = {11},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1023816031000099746},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1023816031000099746}}

@article{JACE:JACE2777,
	Abstract = {We report the first measurements of the structure factor, S(Q), and the pair distribution function, G(r), of Al6Si2O13 (3:2 mullite) in the normal and supercooled liquid states in the temperature range 1776--2203 K. Measurements are obtained by synchrotron X-ray scattering on levitated, laser-heated liquid specimens. The S(Q) shows a prepeak at 2.0 {\AA}−1 followed by a main peak at 4.5 {\AA}−1 and a weak feature at 8 {\AA}−1. The G(r) shows a strong (Si,Al)--O correlation at 1.80 {\AA} at high temperature that moves to 1.72 {\AA} as the liquid is supercooled. The second and third nearest neighbor peaks at 3.0 and 4.25 {\AA} sharpen with supercooling. The short-range structure of the high-temperature liquid is similar to the corresponding glasses produced by rapid quenching. Supercooling causes an increase in the concentration of tetrahedral Si4+ ions, which is manifested by the large shift in the first peak to lower ionic distance, r, values in G(r). The increase in tetrahedrally coordinated Si4+ ions is offset by an increase in octahedral Al3+ ions. The clustering of the SiO44− tetrahedral units results in increased viscosity of the liquid at temperatures below the melting point, which is consistent with Al6Si2O13 being a fragile liquid.},
	Author = {Krishnan, Shankar and Weber, J. Richard K. and Ansell, Stuart and Hixson, April D. and Nordine, Paul C.},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:07:49 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:07:49 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01630.x},
	Issn = {1551-2916},
	Journal = {Journal of the American Ceramic Society},
	Number = {11},
	Pages = {2777--2780},
	Publisher = {American Ceramics Society},
	Title = {Structure of Liquid Al6Si2O13 (3:2 Mullite)},
	Url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01630.x},
	Volume = {83},
	Year = {2000},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01630.x}}

@article{PhysRevLett.84.3622,
	Author = {Weber, J. K. Richard and Krishnan, Shankar and Ansell, Stuart and Hixson, April D. and Nordine, Paul C.},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:04:56 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-26 16:35:33 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3622},
	Issue = {16},
	Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	Month = {Apr},
	Pages = {3622--3625},
	Publisher = {American Physical Society},
	Title = {Structure of Liquid {Y}$_{3}${Al}$_{5}${O}$_{12}$ ({YAG})},
	Url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3622},
	Volume = {84},
	Year = {2000},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3622},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3622}}

@article{0953-8984-11-50-103,
	Abstract = {Recent measurements of the atomic structure of supercooled liquid B, Ni, Si and Zr show a short-range structure similar to that of the nucleating crystalline phases. As the liquids are supercooled, the coordination numbers and interatomic distances increase, decrease or remain essentially constant to approach the values characteristic of the crystals that nucleate from the liquid. Further support for the present observations comes from prior results on Ga, Ge and Pd. This observed correlation between supercooled liquid and crystalline structures provides new insight into nucleation phenomena. The trends in the experimental results and the relationship between the short-range structural properties of supercooled elemental liquids and their crystalline counterparts are discussed.},
	Author = {Shankar Krishnan and Stuart Ansell},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:04:18 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:04:18 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter},
	Number = {50},
	Pages = {L569},
	Title = {The structure of supercooled elemental liquids},
	Url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0953-8984/11/i=50/a=103},
	Volume = {11},
	Year = {1999},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://stacks.iop.org/0953-8984/11/i=50/a=103}}

@article{PhysRevLett.81.586,
	Author = {Krishnan, S. and Ansell, S. and Felten, J. J. and Volin, K. J. and Price, D. L.},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:03:30 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:03:30 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.586},
	Issue = {3},
	Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	Month = {Jul},
	Pages = {586--589},
	Publisher = {American Physical Society},
	Title = {Structure of Liquid Boron},
	Url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.586},
	Volume = {81},
	Year = {1998},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.586},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.586}}

@article{JACE:JACE1967,
	Abstract = {We report the first measurements of the structure factor, S(Q),and radial distribution function, G(r),of yttrium oxide in the normal and supercooled liquid states in the temperature range 2500--3100 K. Measurements were obtained by synchrotron X-ray scattering on levitated, laser-heated liquid specimens. At temperatures far in excess of the melting point, the first and second coordination shells begin to merge, indicative of increased ionicity in the liquid. As the temperature is lowered into the supercooled region, there is substantial sharpening and strengthening in the first peaks in both S(Q)and G(r).Supercooling causes a decreasein the first shell coordination and Qvalues together with an increasein the Y-O interionic distance.},
	Author = {Krishnan, Shankar and Ansell, Stuart and Price, David L.},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:02:57 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:02:57 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02578.x},
	Issn = {1551-2916},
	Journal = {Journal of the American Ceramic Society},
	Number = {7},
	Pages = {1967--1969},
	Publisher = {American Ceramics Society},
	Title = {X-ray Diffraction from Levitated Liquid Yttrium Oxide},
	Url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02578.x},
	Volume = {81},
	Year = {1998},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02578.x}}

@article{krishnan:3512,
	Author = {Shankar Krishnan and John J. Felten and James E. Rix and J. K. Richard Weber and Paul C. Nordine and Mark A. Beno and S. Ansell and D. L. Price},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:02:06 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:02:06 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1063/1.1148315},
	Journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments},
	Keywords = {LEVITATION; LIQUIDS; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; LASER RADIATION; PYROMETERS; liquid structure; X-ray diffractometers; high-temperature techniques},
	Number = {9},
	Pages = {3512-3518},
	Publisher = {AIP},
	Title = {Levitation apparatus for structural studies of high temperature liquids using synchrotron radiation},
	Url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?RSI/68/3512/1},
	Volume = {68},
	Year = {1997},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?RSI/68/3512/1},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148315}}

@article{PhysRevLett.78.464,
	Author = {Ansell, Stuart and Krishnan, Shankar and Weber, J. K. Richard and Felten, John J. and Nordine, Paul C. and Beno, Mark A. and Price, David L. and Saboungi, Marie-Louise},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:01:35 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:01:35 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.464},
	Issue = {3},
	Journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	Month = {Jan},
	Pages = {464--466},
	Publisher = {American Physical Society},
	Title = {Structure of Liquid Aluminum Oxide},
	Url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.464},
	Volume = {78},
	Year = {1997},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.464},
	Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.464}}

@article{1994JMatR...9.1657W,
	Adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System},
	Adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994JMatR...9.1657W},
	Author = {{Weber}, J.~K.~R. and {Nordine}, P.~C. and {Goretta}, K.~C. and {Poeppel}, R.~B.},
	Date-Added = {2011-12-25 21:00:41 +0000},
	Date-Modified = {2011-12-25 21:00:41 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1557/JMR.1994.1657},
	Journal = {Journal of Materials Research},
	Keywords = {CERAMICS, CONTAINERLESS MELTS, ELECTRON MICROSCOPY, OXYGEN, PRESSURE EFFECTS, SOLIDIFICATION, X RAY ANALYSIS, YBCO SUPERCONDUCTORS, ARGON, GAS PRESSURE, LASER APPLICATIONS, MORPHOLOGY, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, X RAY DIFFRACTION, YTTRIUM OXIDES},
	Month = jul,
	Pages = {1657-1660},
	Title = {{Effects of oxygen pressure on the structure of Y-Ba-Cu-O materials formed by containerless melting and solidification}},
	Volume = 9,
	Year = 1994,
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1994.1657}}